JavaScript HTML DOM Elements (Nodes)

Adding and Removing Nodes (HTML Elements)

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Creating New HTML Elements (Nodes)

To add a new element to the HTML DOM, you must create the element (element node) first, and then append it to an existing element.

Example

This is a paragraph.

This is another paragraph.

const para = document.createElement("p");

const node = document.createTextNode("This is new.");

para.appendChild(node);

const element = document.getElementById("div1");

element.appendChild(para);

Example Explained

This code creates a new element:

const para = document.createElement("p");

To add text to the element, you must create a text node first. This code creates a text node:

const node = document.createTextNode("This is a new paragraph.");

Then you must append the text node to the element:

para.appendChild(node);

Finally you must append the new element to an existing element.

This code finds an existing element:

const element = document.getElementById("div1");

This code appends the new element to the existing element:

element.appendChild(para);

Creating new HTML Elements - insertBefore()

The appendChild() method in the previous example, appended the new element as the last child of the parent.

If you don't want that you can use the insertBefore() method:

Example

This is a paragraph.

This is another paragraph.

const para = document.createElement("p");

const node = document.createTextNode("This is new.");

para.appendChild(node);

const element = document.getElementById("div1");

const child = document.getElementById("p1");
element.insertBefore(para, child);

Removing Existing HTML Elements

To remove an HTML element, use the remove() method:

Example

This is a paragraph.

This is another paragraph.

const elmnt = document.getElementById("p1");
elmnt.remove();

Example Explained

The HTML document contains a element with two child nodes (two elements):

<div>

<p id="p1">This is a paragraph.</p>

<p id="p2">This is another paragraph.</p> </div>

Find the element you want to remove:

const elmnt = document.getElementById("p1");

Then execute the remove() method on that element:

elmnt.remove();

Removing a Child Node

For browsers that does not support the remove() method, you have to find the parent node to remove an element:

Example

This is a paragraph.

This is another paragraph.

const parent = document.getElementById("div1");

const child = document.getElementById("p1");

parent.removeChild(child);

Example Explained

This HTML document contains a element with two child nodes (two elements):

<div id="div1">

<p id="p1">This is a paragraph.</p>

<p id="p2">This is another paragraph.</p> </div>

Find the element with id="div1":

const parent = document.getElementById("div1");

Find the element with id="p1":

const child = document.getElementById("p1");

Remove the child from the parent:

parent.removeChild(child);

Here is a common workaround: Find the child you want to remove, and use its parentNode property to find the parent:

const child = document.getElementById("p1"); child.parentNode.removeChild(child);

Replacing HTML Elements

To replace an element to the HTML DOM, use the replaceChild() method:

Example

This is a paragraph.

This is another paragraph.

const para = document.createElement("p");

const node = document.createTextNode("This is new.");
para.appendChild(node);

const parent = document.getElementById("div1");
const child = document.getElementById("p1");
parent.replaceChild(para, child);