JavaScript Operators Reference — JavaScript

Complete Operators Reference

Revised July 2025

Type	Common Use	Example
Assignment	Assigns values to variables	x = 5
Arithmetic	Performs arithmetic between variables	x = y + 2
Comparison	Compares variables	x > 8
Logical	Defines the logic between variables	(x>0 \	\	x>0)
Bitwise	Performs bitwise operatins on 32 bits numbers	x = 5 & 1
Misc	Miscellaneous operators	void(0)

JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

Given that x = 10 and y = 5, the table below explains the assignment operators:

Oper	Name / Link	Example	Same As	Result
=	Simple	x = y	x = y	x = 5
+=	Add	x += y	x = x + y	x = 15
-=	Subtract	x -= y	x = x - y	x = 5
*=	Multiply	x *= y	x = x * y	x = 50
/=	Divide	x /= y	x = x / y	x = 2
%=	Remainder	x %= y	x = x % y	x = 0
:	Colon	x: 45	x = 45	x = 45

Logical Assignment Operators

Oper	Name / Link	Example	Result
&&=	AND	true &&= 10	x = 10
\	\	=	OR	false \	\	= 10	x = 10
??=	Nullish	null ??= 10	x = 10

Learn More: > Study our JavaScript Assignment Tutorial.

JavaScript Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic between variables and/or values.

Given that y = 5, the table below explains the arithmetic operators:

Oper	Name / Link	Example	Results
+	Addition	x = y + 2	y=5, x=7
-	Subtraction	x = y - 2	y=5, x=3
*	Multiplication	x=y*2	y=5, x=10
/	Division	x = y / 2	y=5, x=2.5
	Exponentiation	x = y 2	y=5, x=25
%	Remainder	x = y % 2	y=5, x=1
++	Increment	x = y++	y=6, x=5
++	Increment	x = ++y	y=6, x=6
--	Decrement	x = y--	y=4, x=5
--	Decrement	x = --y	y=4, x=4
+	Unary Plus	x= +y	x=5
-	Unary Negation	x= -y	x=-5

Learn More: > Study our > JavaScript Arithmetic Tutorial.

JavaScript String Operators

The + operator, and the += operator can also be used to concatenate (add) strings.

Given that t1 = "Good ", t2 = "Morning", and t3 = "", the table below explains the operators:

Oper	Example	t1	t2	t3	Try it
+	t3 = t1 + t2	"Good "	"Morning"	"Good Morning"	Try it
+=	t1 += t2	"Good Morning"	"Morning"		Try it

Learn More: > Study our JavaScript Strings Tutorial.

Javascript Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used in logical statements to determine equality or difference between variables or values.

Given that x = 5, the table below explains the comparison operators:

Oper	Name / Link	Comparing	Returns
==	Equal to	x == 8	false
==	Equal to	x == 5	true
===	Strict Equal	x === "5"	false
===	Strict Equal	x === 5	true
!=	Not Equal	x != 8	true
!==	Strict not Equal	x !== "5"	true
!==	Strict not Equal	x !== 5	false
>	Greater than	x > 8	false
=	Greater or Equal	x >= 8	false

Learn More: > Study our JavaScript Comparisons Tutorial.

JavaScript Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values.

Given that x = 6 and y = 3, the table below explains the logical operators:

Oper	Name / Link	Example
&&	AND	(x 1)
\	\		OR	(x === 5 \	\	y === 5)
!	NOT	!(x === y)
??	Nullish Coalescing	x ?? y

Learn More: > Study our > JavaScript Logical Tutorial.

JavaScript Bitwise Operators

Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers. Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The result is converted back to a JavaScript number.

Oper	Name	Example	Same as	Result	Dec
&	AND	x = 5 & 1	0101 & 0001	0001	1
\		OR	x = 5 \	1	0101 \	0001	0101	5
~	NOT	x = ~ 5	~0101	1010	10
^	XOR	x = 5 ^ 1	0101 ^ 0001	0100	4
>>	Right Shift	x = 5 >>> 1	0101 >>> 1	0010	2
>>	Signed Right	x = 5 >> 1	0101 >> 1	0010	2

Learn More: > Study our JavaScript Bitwise Tutorial.

Miscellaneous JavaScript Operators

Some miscellaneous JavaScript operators are described below.

Operator	Name / Link	Example
:	Colon	age : 45
[ ]	Bracket Access	person["age"]
[ ]	Array Literal	cars = ["Saab", "Volvo", "BMW"]
{ }	Block	car = {}
{ }	Object Literal	car = {type:"Fiat", model:"500"}
?.	Optional Chaining	x ?. y
...	Spread	...myArray
( )	Grouping	( x + y )
( ) ? x : y	Ternary Conditional	(z	Arrow Function	(a, b) => a + b
new	Constructor	new Date()
delete	Delete	delete person.age
in	Relational in	"age" in person
instanceof	Instance of	x instanceof Array
typeof	Type of	typeof "John"
void	Void	void(0)
yield	Yield	yield x
yield*	Yield	yield* x